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❓ How does sports affect the hormonal balance of the human body? Anna Viktorovna Postoeva, Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor at the Department of Hospital Therapy and Endocrinology at NSMU, Endocrinologist, shares her expertise. Moderate and regular physical activity helps to regulate the hormonal system: 🔹 Endorphins. During exercise, «happiness hormones» are produced, improving mood, reducing anxiety, and helping to better cope with stress. 🔹 Cortisol. A short-term spike in cortisol during training is a normal response: the hormone mobilizes energy (breaks down glycogen into glucose) to keep muscles working. 🔹 Insulin. Regular exercise increases cell sensitivity to insulin: muscles absorb glucose more actively, keeping blood sugar levels more stable. This reduces the risk of insulin resistance and helps control energy. 🔹 Growth hormone. Strength training stimulates the production of growth hormone, which improves tissue regeneration, promotes muscle mass growth, and fat burning. 🔹 Sex hormones. In men, intense training can increase testosterone levels, positively affecting muscle mass and strength. Moderate activity in women helps regulate estrogen and progesterone levels, promoting regular cycles, improving blood circulation in the pelvic organs (important for ovarian function), and may reduce premenstrual syndrome symptoms. ❗Risks of excessive exercise If workouts are too intense, prolonged, or not balanced with recovery, it can disrupt the balance: 🔹 Constant high cortisol levels can lead to catabolism (muscle protein breakdown), immune suppression, metabolic disorders (abdominal fat accumulation, insulin resistance), and psycho-emotional problems (anxiety, sleep disorders). 🔹 Reproductive system disorders. Women may experience cycle irregularities (oligomenorrhea, amenorrhea), anovulation, and long-term bone density reduction. This condition is sometimes referred to as the «female athlete triad» (along with eating disorders and reduced bone density). In men, excessive exercise without adequate recovery can also lower testosterone levels. ❓ How to maintain balance? 🔹 Combine activities. Mix cardio, strength training, and flexibility exercises. 🔹 Consider individual characteristics: age, fitness level, health status. 🔹 Don't neglect recovery. Quality sleep and rest days between intense workouts are crucial. 🔹 Monitor nutrition and hydration. A balanced diet (proteins, healthy fats, complex carbohydrates) and adequate water intake directly affect hormone synthesis. 🔹 Pay attention to body signals. If you notice constant fatigue, sleep disorders, weight changes, recovery issues, or other concerning symptoms after exercise, consult an endocrinologist or sports doctor. ✅ This post is part of the Active Sports Promotion Week initiative.
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